Endometrial cytological evaluations in repeat breeding crossbred cows

Endometrial cytological study using cytobrush technique was conducted on 80 crossbred cows under field condition to evaluate the prevalence of subclinical endometritis. Animals were grouped in three groups, the group-I (n=20): normal cyclic cows having no previous repeat breeding history and had clear stringy vaginal mucus discharge on estrus; the group-II (n=40): repeat breeding cows, had clear stringy vaginal mucus discharge on estrus; and the group-III (n=20): endometritic cows, had turbid vaginal mucus with visible white flakes. The endometrial cell cytology was performed using modified cytobrush technique. All animals with clear stringy cervico-vaginal mucus discharge (group-I and group-II) were inseminated without any treatment. The mean polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell % in the normal cyclic, repeat breeding and endometritis group of cows were 2.01 ± 0.25, 5.36 ± 0.39, 11.82 ± 0.82 with 1(5%), 26(65%) and 20(100%) animals having >4% PMN cells in the respective group of cows. The overall conception rate in normal cyclic group was 95% after 3 inseminations while in the repeat breeding group it was 10%. Cows with turbid discharge (group-III) were given 20 ml liquid Levofloxacin + Ornidazole + α-Tocopherol (Lenovo AP; Intas Pharmaceuticals-vet) intra-uterine infusion for three consecutive days of the estrus and AI was performed on the next estrus, resulted conception of 35% animals in two inseminations. Cytobrush technique was observed useful in differentiating subclinical endometritis in the repeat breeding cows and Levofloxacin + Ornidazole + α-Tocopherol (Lenovo AP) treatment was satisfactory in the cows showing turbid mucus discharge.